Appabatus foe



l. C. POLE. APPARATUS FOR TREATING LIQUIDS BY ULTRA-VIOLET RAYS.

APPLICATION HLED APR. I8. 1916. RENEWED MAR. 1.1919.

Patented Oct. 7, 1919.-

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JOSEPH CHARLES POLE, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO THE CHEMICAL FOUNDATION, IN 0., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING LIQUIDS BY ULTRA-VIOLET RAYS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 7, 11919.

Application filed April 18, 1916, Serial No. 92,032. Renewed March 1,1919. Serial No. 280,145.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH CHARLES POLE, subject of the Emperor ofAustria, residing at Vienna, Austria, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Liquids by Ultra-VioletRays, of which the following is a specification.

Apparatus for treating liquids by ultraviolet rays where quartz lampsare used, for instance apparatus for sterilizing water, have, as a rule,the peculiarity that the full sterilizing power of the lamp is notreached until at a certain vapor pressure, that is at a certain lampvoltage. Up to this moment,

2'. 6. below that lamp voltage (voltage be-- tween the electrodes of thelamp), the apparatus does not work perfectly reliably, at least not withapparatus where, as at present mostly used, the quartz lamp is operatedat high vapor pressure. The invention here described has for its objectan automatic shutting device which does not permit the raw liquid toenter the apparatus until the actinity' of the lamp has become powerfulenough. The lamps at present mostly used for generating an intenseultra-violet radiation, such as mercury vapor lamps of quartz glass, areadvantageously operated at high vapor pressure of the ,mercury vapor andare started by contact, this being mostly done. by tilting by hand. Forthis purpose the lamp, with the main circuit closed, 1s inclined untilthe mecury makes contact between the electrodes and then the lamp isbrought back to its first position. Thereby the contact is interruptedand the electric are started. From this time, when the cold lamp wasstarted, until the moment when the lamp reaches the stationary currentand voltage a certain time elapses. Durlng this first period the lampcurrent and the voltage between the electrodes change about as shown inFigure 1, which diagram it is good to keep in mind in order tounderstand the following. 0

With the voltage of the lamp also its actinic power increases. In caseof a stemlizing apparatus for instance, up to a certain voltage e theapparatus has not the full efiiciency and the water delivered is notperfectly sterile. Therefore, according to my invention, during thisperiod the delivery of the liquid from the apparatus is shut ofi" by anautomatic valve provided in the passage of the liquid and controlled byseveral electromagnetic devices, (here called adjusting or controllingdevices) the latter being designed so that the valve is made (orallowed) to open the passage only under joint action of all theadjusting devices. One of these adjusting devices is actuated by thelamp current and anotherone by the lamp voltage.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the current and voltagechanges which take place in a device of the character herein set forth.Fig. 2 is a view in diagram illustrating the preferred embodiment of mypresent invention, and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the electriccircuits of the same.

In these drawings Z indicates the quartz lamp with the electrodes 1), n.The lamp is suitably placed in the treating chamber so that, forinstance if we assume the case of a water-sterilizer, the water to besterilized is made to pass under the influence of the ultra-violet rayswhile being properly guided and mixed. 1' is a series resistance and k,k, the terminals for connection to the electric circuit.

As shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, 8 indicates an electromagnet inseries with the lamp Z. The electromagnet 8,, upon being energized isadapted to close a circuit in shunt with the lamp Z, by means of thecontacts a a this shunt circuit having connected in its circuit thesolenoid s which flow will, of course, be at amaximum and the voltagebetween said poles will be at a minimum, or in other words, the voltagewill be I to the ultra-violet rays.

' a working condition,

insufiicient to flow through the solenoid s and the contacts (1 and athe contacts a, and a, being in closed relation due to the energizationof the electromagnet 8,,- After the liquid of the lamp Z has assumed itsnormal working condition, the electromagnet s,, will still be in anenergized condition, hence the contacts (1 and (1 will be in closedrelation and, due to the resistance of the lamp Z in suflicient currentwill pass through the solenoid s to operate the shutting device. Hence,it is thought to be obvious that in a device of the character herein setforth, it will be impossible for liquid to be sterilized to pass by thelamp Z, unless the lamp Z is in operation.

As to the shutting device in question one embodiment in the form of aconical valve is schematically shown in Fig. 2. The pipe I) for the rawliquid terminates in a valvechamber with two passages 0 and d. 0 is theadmission pipe to the sterilizer D, whereas (Z serves as drain-pipe. Thevalve-stem j with the valve disk f leads through the stufling-box m andat w is connected with the armature o of soft iron. The armature 0 movesin the tube '0 of non-magnetic material, this one being surrounded bythe coils S or s respectively. The iron yoke u and the plug 9 completethe magnetic circuit of the solenoids. f may either sit on it or 9,according to whether the valve stands under the influence of electriccurrent or not. But, as the valve disk necessarily closes one of thepipes c or d the flow of the liquid can never be blocked. The opening 0of the valve is connected to the, admission pipe A of the treatingchamber D, which contains the lamp Z, and means for properly guiding theliquid to be treated and to expose it The raw liquid enters D at A andleaves it treated at B.

However under certain conditions it may be advisable to have theshutting device control the outlet B for the treated liquid and not, asshown in Fig. 3, the admission pipe for the raw liquid; in this case theopening 0 is connected toB.

The device described may, of course, not only be used in sterilizingwater, but also in treating many kinds of liquid for different purposes,for instance milk, oil, opium, etc. Having thus described my invention Iclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: I

1. An apparatus for treatin liquids by ultra-violet rays comprising an eectricvapor lamp as source of the ultra-violet rays and an automaticshutting device inserted in the passage of the liquid, adjusting deviceselectrically connected in series with said lamp and other adjustingdevices electrically connected in shunt to said lamp, said shuttingdevice being controlled by the joint action of said adjusting tingdevice and said adjusting dev ces being designed so that the shuttingdevice is put into action only when said lamp is running and has reacheda certain minimum voltage between its electrodes.

2. An apparatus for treating liquids by ultra-violet rays comprising anelectric vapor lamp as source of the ultra-violet rays and an automaticshutting device inserted in the passage of said liquid operated byelectrlc current, a pair of electromagnetlc adjusting devices, adaptedto operate, by their joint action, said shutting device, the one of saidadjusting devices being actuated by the lamp current and the other ofthe said adjusting devices being operated only when the current throu hthe lamp reaches a certain voltage, said s utting device with saidadjusting devices being-designed so that the passage of said liquid isclosed as long as said lamp has not reached a certain current and acertain voltage between the electrodes.

3. An apparatus for treating liquids by ultra-violet rays having anelectric vapor lamp as source of the ultra violet'rays and a chamber fortreating said liquid by the ultra-violet rays, an automatic valveinserted in the passage of said liquid and comprising a plurality ofadjusting devices for operating said valve, one of these adjustingdevices being electrically connected in series with said lamp andanother of these adjusting devices being electrically connected in shuntto said lamp, an automatic circuit closer operated by the lamp currentand controlling the shunt circuit of said other adjusting device, saidautomatic valve being designed so that, under the joint, action of saidadjustin devices, it opens said passage of said llquid only when thelamp has reached a certain current and a certain lamp voltage, whereaswhen the lamp is not running said circuit closer prevents said passageof said liquid from being opened by said valve.

4. An apparatus for treating liquids by ultra-violet rays, having anelectric vapor lamp as source of ultra-violet rays and a treatingchamber where said liquid is exposed to the ultraviolet rays, anautomatic valve inserted in the passage of said liquid, I

an electromagnet connected in shunt to said lamp adapted to operate saidautomatic valve, an automatic circuit closer, an electromagnet operatingsaid circuit closer and 'being designed so that the valve opens thepassage of said liquid only when said lamp has reached a certain minimumvoltage between its electrodes and that the circuit of the electromagnetoperating said valve isby said automatic circuit closer closedonly aslong as the lamp is running.

. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

DR. JOSEPH CHARLES POLE.

Witnesses:

JOHN HEWITE, JoHANN FLEISCHMANN.

